Papaya Cultivation
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| Papaya |
Papaya is a
very nutritious and beneficial fruit. Farmers can also cultivate papaya alone
or in an empty space between guava, mango, plum and lemon trees. Papaya can
also be grown in the courtyard of the house. One and a half years after
planting papaya, it starts bearing fruit. Less time, less area, less cost,
higher yields and more income.
Papaya is healthy and rich in vitamin A. Papaya tropical is found in America.
Papaya is
the shortest fruiting tree, so anyone likes to plant it, papaya is not only easy
to grow, but is also a quick fruit, it is healthy and popular, hence it is
nectar It is also called Ghat, papaya contains many digestive enzymes, and by
consuming its fresh fruits, long-term sickness can also be overcome.
Climate
Papaya can
be cultivated in a hot humid climate. It can be grown at a maximum temperature
of 38 ° C to 44 ° C, should not be less than 5 ° C minimum, and papaya is
severely damaged due to frost. To avoid these, windproof trees should be
planted in the north west of the field, if there is a possibility of frost, and
then in the last hour of the night, the field should be smoked and irrigated.
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| Papaya-Agriculture |
Earth
Papaya
cultivation is good if the land is fertile and in which drainage is good,
papaya should never be planted in a field that is full of water. Because the
water is full, there is a possibility of collar rot disease in the plant;
papaya should not be cultivated even in deep soil.
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Land preparation
Variety
Pusa Majesty
and Pusa Giant, Washington, Solo, Coimbatore, Honeydew, Kunghanidue, Pusa
Dwarf, Pusa Delicious, Ceylon, Pusa Nanha, etc. are the main varieties.
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| Papaya-Seeds |
Seed
One hectare
requires 500 gm to one kg of seed, papaya plants are prepared by seed, planting
2 plants per pithe in a hectare will take 5000 thousand seedlings.
Time and method of application
Papaya
saplings are prepared first in saplings, saplings should be planted in the
pre-prepared pits in June, July, where there is proper arrangement for
irrigation, papaya saplings can be planted from September to October and
February to March.
Transplanting in nursery
By this
method, the seed is first 15 to 20 cm from the ground surface. In the higher
beds, the distance of the queue is 10 cm, and the distance of the seed is 3 to
4 cm. When planting, keep the seeds 1 to 3 cm. should not be sown at a depth
greater than 20 to 25 cm. Once it is high, then 2 plants should be planted per
pit.
Preparation method of plant polythene bag
20 cm
Wide-mouthed, 25 cm. Long and 150 cm. The polythene bags with holes should be
taken. In these bags, a mixture of cow dung, soil and sand should be made, the
top of the bag is 1 cm. Part should not be filled, there should be 2 to 3 seeds
per bag, soil should always have enough moisture when the plant is 15 to 20 cm.
Once it is high, then it should be carefully cut from the bottom of the bags by
a sharp blade and put it in the previously prepared pits.
Manures and Fertilizers
A plant
needs 250 grams of nitrogen, 250 grams of spur and 500 grams of potash
throughout the year, dividing it into six equal parts and giving fertilizer and
fertilizer at a difference of every 2 months, mixing the fertilizer and soil in
the soil) Should be irrigated by giving. This mixture should not be given to
male plants and to such plants, which have to be removed after 4 to 6 months.
Stripping of male plants
Papaya
plants start flowering within 90 to 100 days and male flowers grow in small
bunches with long stems. Flowers 1 to 1.3 m on male plants. Are long and short
on the trunk. For every 100 female plants except 5 to 10 male plants, the
remaining male plants should be uprooted. Female flower yellowish 2.5 cm they
are long and close to the stem.
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Water, irrigation and irrigation
Irrigation
should be done at a difference of 4 to 7 days in summer and 10 to 15 days in
winter, irrigate immediately after warning of frost; there should be no damage
to roots and stem.
Break the beans
After 9 to
10 months of planting, the fruits become pliable. The color of the fruit
changes from dark green to light yellow and if water and liquid comes out of
the milk due to nails on the fruit, it should be understood that the fruit has
ripened. The beans should be broken carefully. Fruit pruning must be done in
short stages.
Plant protection
Outbreaks of
pests like mites, aphids and fruit fly have been observed on them. Its control
should be administered at the rate of 1 liter of metacystax drug per hectare
and second sprinkling with a difference of 15 days. Do not allow water near the
stem to protect plants from foot and stem rot disease. In the area where the
disease is there, one should fill the bodo paste with a knife. To control the
powder mill, sprinkle sulfur dust 30 grams per 10 liters of water at an
interval of 15 days
Yield and economic benefits
The
production of papaya per hectare is 35-40 tonnes. If the cost is also estimated
to be Rs 1500 / ton, then farmers will get Rs 34000.00 per hectare. Will get a
net profit of Rs.
Take care-
If the farmer brothers do not prepare the plants themselves, then take the
plants with reliable facts from a reliable and certified nursery, and take the
plantation place for 15 to 20 days before planting, keeping the plants from the
environment there. Time to become aware.
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| Papaya-Fruits |
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